He aha te Pūwero Uku ANSI?

Ngā pūwero uku ANSIHe hua pūwero uku ēnei e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa hangarau i whakatakotoria e te American National Standards Institute (ANSI). He mea hanga motuhake ēnei hei whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga whakamahana paerewa, tautoko miihini, me te tiaki haumaru mō ngā taputapu hiko ngaohiko-tiketike i Amerika Te Raki me te mākete o te ao. Ka whakakotahi i ngā āhuatanga pai o ngā rauemi uku me ngā paerewa pakari o ngā paerewa ANSI. Ko tētahi o ngā kāwai matua o ngā wāhanga whakamahana ngaohiko-tiketike i roto i te pūnaha hiko.
I. Whakamāramatanga Matua: He aha tePūihi Uku ANSI?
Kāore ngā pūwero uku ANSI e pā ana ki tētahi āhua motuhake, engari he mea hoahoa, he mea hanga, he mea whakamātautau hoki kia rite ki ngā paerewa ANSI e tika ana (pērā i te raupapa ANSI C37 "Ngā Paerewa Whakawhiti Ngaohiko Teitei", te raupapa ANSI/IEEE C57 "Ngā Paerewa Whakawhiti", me ētahi atu). Ko te kaupapa matua ko te whakarite i te pono o te whakamarumaru, te pumau miihini, me te whakawhitiwhiti o te hua i roto i te taiao ngaohiko teitei mā roto i ngā ine paerewa, ngā tawhā mahi, me ngā tikanga whakamātautau, he mea tino pai mō ngā whatunga hiko o Amerika Te Raki me ngā kaupapa o te ao e whakamahi ana i ngā paerewa ANSI.
II. Ngā Paerewa ANSI Matua i Whāia
Me tutuki te hoahoa me te hanga o ngā pūwero uku ANSI i ngā paerewa maha kua whakaritea. Ko ngā paerewa matua noa ko:
​ANSI C37.04​: E tohu ana i ngā tawhā kua whakatauria, te taumata whakamarumaru, me ngā tikanga whakamātautau (pēnei i te ngaohiko ātete auau mana, te ngaohiko ātete uira) mō ngā taputapu whakawhiti ngaohiko-tiketike (tae atu ki ngā pūangi);
​ANSI C37.34​: Ngā whakaritenga hangarau mō ngā pūkaha ngaohiko-tiketike, tae atu ki ngā ātete ā-ahu, ngā kawenga ā-ringa (te kume, te piko, te takahuri), me te mahi pumau wera;
ANSI/IEEE C57.19.01​: Ngā paerewa mō ngā pū whakahurihuri, e whakamārama mārama ana i te ngaohiko whakatauranga, te iahiko whakatauranga, te rohe pikinga pāmahana, me te mahi hiri o ngā pū whakahurihuri;
Raupapa ANSI C29​: Ngā paerewa whakamātautau kaha ā-mīhini me te mahi hiko mō ngā ārai o waho (tae atu ki ngā pū whakapū pou/mā roto i te pakitara) (pēnei i te kaha piko, te whakamātautau mura o te parahanga);
Mā ēnei paerewa ka whakarite te hototahitanga (pēnei i te ōritetanga o ngā ine tāutanga) me te pono (mā te whakamātautau tino kotahi) o ngā pūwero uku ANSI i waenga i ngā kaihanga me ngā puranga rerekē.
III. Ngā Āhuatanga Hanganga me ngā Rauemi (Kua Arotauhia i runga i ngā Paerewa ANSI)
He rite te hanganga o ngā pūwero uku ANSI ki ērā o ngā pūwero uku whānui. Heoi, nā runga i ngā whakaritenga taipitopito o ngā paerewa ANSI, ko te kōwhiringa rauemi me te hoahoa taipitopito e aro nui ana ki te urutau paerewa:
1. Ārai Uku
​Te Kōwhiringa Rauemi​: Ko te mea pai ko te whakamahi i te uku konumohe waikura tino parakore (he ≥ 95%) te ihirangi Al₂O₃, te uku silicon dioxide rānei (e ai ki te paerewa ASTM C609 he "uku hiko") hei whakarite kia tutuki ngā paerewa i te ātete whakamarumaru (≥ 10¹³ Ω·cm), te kaha dielectric (≥ 15 kV/mm), me te kaha ā-ringa (kaha piko ≥ 150 MPa).
Hoahoa Hanganga:
* He maha ngā wā ka rite te maha me te tawhiti o ngā papa maru ki ngā paerewa ANSI mō ngā pū whakapū momo-waho (pērā i te rerekētanga o te diameter me te roa o te toronga o te maru o ia wāhanga), kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga tawhiti ngoki (pērā i te ōwehenga ngoki o te pū whakapū 10 kV ≥ 25 mm/kV);
* Ko ngā pū whakapū o roto he rango maeneene te nuinga, he papaku rānei ngā papa maru, e aro ana ki ngā āhuatanga kiato (e tutuki ana ki ngā whakaritenga ātete ā-ahu ANSI C37.34, pērā i te rerekētanga o te diameter ≤ ± 0.5 mm).
2. Ngā Taputapu Whakarewa
Ko ngā uhi pito/miro whakarewa i ngā pito e rua he mea whakamahi i ngā rauemi maitai, parahi rānei, e ai ki ngā paerewa ANSI B16.5 (pērā i te maitai waro piauau, te maitai kore waikura 304), kia ātete ai ki te waikura.
Ko te rahi o ngā pito hononga e tino whai ana i ngā paerewa ANSI (pēnei i te whānui o te kōhao pūtu, te whakatakotoranga miro), e whakarite ana i te whakawhitiwhiti tika ki ngā pae pahi me ngā hononga taura e whakamahia whānuitia ana i Amerika Te Raki (kāore he hiahia mō ētahi atu whakarerekētanga).
3. Te Hiri me te Tiaki(mō ngā taiao o waho/haukū) E ai ki ngā whakaritenga o te ANSI C57.19.01, ka whakamahia he hoahoa hiri-rua (me te rapa silicone pāmahana-tiketike, te kapia epoxy rānei e whakakī ana i te āputa i waenga i te tinana uku me te āpitihanga whakarewa), ā, ka whakahaerehia te "whakamātautau rumaki wai" (pēnei i te ātete whakamarumaru e toe ana ≥ 100 MΩ i muri i te 24 hāora o te rumaki wai) kia kore ai e mākū i roto i te ua nui me ngā taiao haumākū teitei.