NGĀ TAKE O TE WHIRITANGA O NGĀ NGONGO WHAKAMĪTI WERA?

Te whānui ingoa o te ngongo whakaiti wera:

Ko te kī o te ngongo whakaiti wera hei hua ārai mō te taura. Ko te āhua o te porowhita o te ngongo whakaiti wera he ngongo porotaka, nō reira ko te diameter ingoa ko te rahi o te diameter o roto o te matotoru o te pakitara. E pā ana tēnei tawhā matua ki te mea kei te rite ki te taura tiaki haumaru. Mena he iti rawa te diameter ingoa, kāore e taea te whakauru ki roto i te ngongo, ā, ki te nui rawa, kāore e taea te kati pūmau. Me whiriwhiri kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga hua. Ko te tohu Φ e tohu ana i te diameter o te ngongo whakaiti wera, ā, ko te tautuhinga taunoa ko mm.

Ngā ngongo whakaiti wera angiangi:

Ko te matotoru o te pakitara o te ngongo whakaiti wera te tikanga o te matotoru o ngā hononga paipa. Ka pā kino te matotoru o ngā hononga paipa ki te rahi o te parenga haumaru o te paparanga whakamātao. Nō reira, ko te teitei ake o te matotoru o te ngongo whakaiti wera, ko te pai ake o te kaha tiaki haumaru. Hei tāpiri, ko te teitei ake o te matotoru, ko te nui ake o te kaha tiaki haumaru o tēnei hua ka taea te whakapai ake i te kaha pēhi o tēnei hua, engari ko te teitei ake o te matotoru, ko te koretake. Ko te tikanga, ko ngā ngongo whakaiti wera he matotoru me te matotoru teitei ka whakamahia katoa i runga i ētahi huarahi me ngā hua iti ake te uaua.

Te whānui ingoa o te ngongo whakaiti wera:

Ko te kī o te ngongo whakaiti wera hei whakamahi hei hua ārai mō te taura. Ko te āhua o te porowhita o te ngongo whakaiti wera he ngongo porotaka, nō reira ko te diameter ingoa ko te rahi o te diameter o roto o te matotoru o te pakitara. E pā ana tēnei tawhā matua ki te mea kei te rite ki te taura tiaki haumaru. Mena he iti rawa te diameter ingoa, kāore e taea te whakauru ki roto i te ngongo, ā, ki te nui rawa, kāore e taea te kati pūmau. Me whiriwhiri kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga hua. Ko te tohu Φ e tohu ana i te diameter o te ngongo whakaiti wera, ā, ko te tautuhinga taunoa ko mm.

Ngā ngongo whakaiti wera angiangi:

Ko te matotoru o te pakitara o te ngongo whakaiti wera te tikanga o te matotoru o ngā hononga paipa. Ka pā kino te matotoru o ngā hononga paipa ki te rahi o te parenga haumaru o te paparanga whakamātao. Nō reira, ko te teitei ake o te matotoru o te ngongo whakaiti wera, ko te pai ake o te kaha tiaki haumaru. Hei tāpiri, ko te teitei ake o te matotoru, ko te nui ake o te kaha tiaki haumaru o tēnei hua ka taea te whakapai ake i te kaha pēhi o tēnei hua, engari ko te teitei ake o te matotoru, ko te koretake. Ko te tikanga, ko ngā ngongo whakaiti wera he matotoru me te matotoru teitei ka whakamahia katoa i runga i ētahi huarahi me ngā hua iti ake te uaua.

Te tere whakaheke o te ngongo whakaheke wera:

Ko te tere whakaheke e pā ana ki te ōwehenga o te diameter ingoa o te ngongo whakaheke wera i mua i te whakahekenga ki te diameter ingoa i muri i te whakahekenga. Ko te tere whakaheke e whakaata ana i te rahi o te kaha whakaheke o te ringaringa whakaheke wera. Ko te teitei ake o te tere whakaheke, ko te ringaringa whakaheke wera. Ka angiangi te ngongo ina kati katoa. Ko ngā ōwehenga whakaheke noa o ngā ngongo whakaheke wera ko te 2:1, 3:1, me te 4:1. Me whai whakaaro ki te kōwhiringa tuturu i runga i ngā whakaritenga o te hua.

Te pāmahana whakaiti o te ngongo whakaiti wera:

He tukanga katoa o te tae whakarara te whakahekenga o te ngongo whakaheke wera, nō reira ka wehea te pāmahana whakahekenga o te ngongo whakaheke wera ki te pāmahana whakahekenga tīmatanga me te pāmahana whakahekenga whakamutunga. Ka whakamahanahia te pāmahana whakahekenga ki te tīmatanga o te ngongo whakaheke wera. Mō te pāmahana i te wā e whakahekenga ana, ko te pāmahana whakahekenga o ngā ringaringa whakaheke wera PE whānui o te tangata he 84°C i te tīmatanga, arā, he tauhohenga whakahekenga i te tīmatanga. Ko te pāmahana whakahekenga whakamutunga ko te pāmahana ka taea te whakanui ake i te pāmahana whakahekenga katoa o te ngongo whakaheke wera. Ka tīmata te whakahekenga o te ngongo whakaheke wera ina neke ake i te pāmahana whakahekenga tīmatanga.

Te pāmahana whakahaere o te tono ngongo whakaheke wera:

Me aro te pāmahana mahi o te hua ngongo whakaiti wera ki te pāmahana mahi whānui o te tono ngongo whakaiti wera i waenga i te -55 nekehanga ki te 125 nekehanga. Whai muri i ngā mōhiohio raraunga, kāore e taea te kī taurangi i te roa o te mahi o te ngongo whakaiti wera me ngā āhuatanga tiaki haumaru o te paparanga whakamarumaru i roto i te taiao tūturu i muri i ngā mōhiohio raraunga.

Ngā Ārai Ngongo Whakaiti Wera:

Kāore e hiahiatia kia nui te tae o te ngongo whakangote-wera. Me whiriwhiri noa e ngā kaihoko te tae e hiahiatia ana e rātou. Ko te tikanga, he mā miraka, he hina-mangu, he whero kanapa, he kōwhai mārama, me te kikorangi pouri ngā tae mārama a ngā kaihanga ngongo whakangote-wera hei whiriwhiri mēnā he kaihoko kāore i te rawaka te tahua, he pai ake te whiriwhiri i te hina me te mangu.